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  1. <text id=93AC0368>
  2. <title>
  3. National R & D Expenditures--Percent of GNP:1972-92
  4. </title>
  5. <history>
  6. Compact ALMANAC--United States Statistics         
  7. Science & Technology                                 
  8. </history>
  9. <article>
  10. <source>Time Almanac</source>
  11. <hdr>
  12. National Research & Development Expenditures--as a Percent of 
  13. Gross National Product, by Country: 1972 - 1992
  14. [In percent.]
  15. </hdr>
  16. <body>
  17. <table>
  18. <tblhdr><cell>Year<cell type=i>United States<cell type=i>France<cell type=i>West Germany<cell type=i>Japan<cell type=i>United Kingdom<cell type=i>Soviet Union(1)
  19. <row><cell type=a>TOTAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT<cell type=n><cell type=n><cell type=n><cell type=n><cell type=n><cell type=n>
  20. <row><cell>1972<cell>2.3<cell>1.9<cell>2.2<cell>1.9<cell>2.1<cell>3.7
  21. <row><cell>1975<cell>2.2<cell>1.8<cell>2.2<cell>2.0<cell>2.1<cell>3.8
  22. <row><cell>1979<cell>2.2<cell>1.8<cell>2.4<cell>2.1<cell>(NA)<cell>3.6
  23. <row><cell>1980<cell>2.3<cell>1.8<cell>2.4<cell>2.2<cell>(NA)<cell>3.8
  24. <row><cell>1981<cell>2.4<cell>2.0<cell>2.5<cell>2.3<cell>2.4<cell>3.8
  25. <row><cell>1982<cell>2.5<cell>2.1<cell>2.6<cell>2.4<cell>(NA)<cell>3.7
  26. <row><cell>1983<cell>2.6<cell>2.1<cell>2.6<cell>2.6<cell>2.2<cell>3.8
  27. <row><cell>1984<cell>2.6<cell>2.2<cell>2.6<cell>2.6<cell>(NA)<cell>4.0
  28. <row><cell>1985<cell>2.7<cell>2.3<cell>2.8<cell>2.8<cell>2.3<cell>3.7
  29. <row><cell>1986<cell>2.7<cell>2.3<cell>2.7<cell>2.8<cell>2.4<cell>3.8
  30. <row><cell>1987<cell>2.6<cell>2.3<cell>2.8<cell>2.8<cell>2.3<cell>(NA)
  31. <row><cell>1988<cell>2.6<cell>2.3<cell>2.8<cell>2.9<cell>2.2<cell>(NA)
  32. <row><cell>1989<cell>2.7<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  33. <row><cell>1990<cell>2.7<cell>2.4<cell>2.7<cell>3.1<cell>2.2<cell>(NA)
  34. <row><cell>1991<cell>2.7<cell>2.4<cell>2.8<cell>3.0<cell>2.1<cell>(NA)
  35. <row><cell>1992<cell>2.6<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  36. <row><cell>NON-DEFENSE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(1)<cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell>
  37. <row><cell>1972<cell>1.6<cell>1.5<cell>2.1<cell>1.9<cell>1.5<cell>(NA)
  38. <row><cell>1975<cell>1.6<cell>1.5<cell>2.1<cell>2.0<cell>1.5<cell>(NA)
  39. <row><cell>1979<cell>1.6<cell>1.4<cell>2.3<cell>2.1<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  40. <row><cell>1980<cell>1.7<cell>1.4<cell>2.3<cell>2.2<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  41. <row><cell>1981<cell>1.8<cell>1.5<cell>2.4<cell>2.3<cell>1.7<cell>(NA)
  42. <row><cell>1982<cell>1.8<cell>1.6<cell>2.5<cell>2.4<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  43. <row><cell>1983<cell>1.8<cell>1.7<cell>2.5<cell>2.5<cell>1.6<cell>(NA)
  44. <row><cell>1984<cell>1.8<cell>1.7<cell>2.5<cell>2.6<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  45. <row><cell>1985<cell>1.8<cell>1.8<cell>2.6<cell>2.8<cell>1.6<cell>(NA)
  46. <row><cell>1986<cell>1.8<cell>1.8<cell>2.6<cell>2.8<cell>1.8<cell>(NA)
  47. <row><cell>1987<cell>1.9<cell>1.9<cell>2.6<cell>2.8<cell>1.7<cell>(NA)
  48. <row><cell>1988<cell>2.0<cell>1.8<cell>2.6<cell>2.9<cell>1.7<cell>(NA)
  49. <row><cell>1989<cell>1.9<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  50. <row><cell>1990<cell>1.9<cell>1.9<cell>2.6<cell>3.0<cell>1.8<cell>(NA)
  51. <row><cell>1991<cell>1.9<cell>1.9<cell>2.7<cell>3.0<cell>1.7<cell>(NA)
  52. <row><cell>1992<cell>1.9<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  53. </table>
  54. <list>
  55. <item>NA=Not available.
  56. <item>1. Estimated.
  57. </list>
  58. <p>Source: U.S. National Science Foundation.
  59. </p>
  60. </body>
  61. </article>
  62. </text>
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